Some important analytical reasoning question with explain detail for banking exam 2016

1. Statement:  The Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs (CCEA) under the chairmanship of Prime Minister Narendra  Modi has approved Project SAKSHAM relating to indirect taxes.

Which of the following can be inferred from the statement above?

 I. Project SAKSHAM will be implemented and monitored by the Central Board of Excise and Customs (CBEC).

II. Project SAKSHAM will enable business concerns to pay their income and corporation taxes without having to face undue problems.

A)   Only I
B)   Only II
C)   Either I or II
D)   Neither I nor II
E)   Both I and II
Correct answer: A 

Solution :

In order to get the right answer to this question, you will have to be aware that excise and customs are indirect taxes whereas income tax and corporation tax are direct taxes. The statement tells us that Project SAKSHAM relating to indirect taxes has been okayed at the highest executive level of the country. Inference I is valid because the nodal administrative body for indirect taxes is indeed the Central Board of Excise and Customs (CBEC). But inference II is invalid because income and corporation taxes are direct taxes, not indirect ones. Option A is the right choice.

2. Statement:  India is going to invest 2 billion dollars in the next three-four years as part of the Economic and Technological Cooperation Agreement (ETCA) with Sri Lanka.

Which of the following can be inferred from the above statement?

 I.  India and Sri Lanka have a Free Trade Agreement (FTA) dating from 1998.

II.  ETCA will boost cooperation between India and Sri Lanka for sharing of scientific expertise, technology and research between the two countries.

A)   Only I
B)   Only II
C)   Either I or II
D)   Neither I nor II
E)   Both I and II
Correct answer: B 

Solution :

India is going to invest 2 billion dollars in the next three-four years as part of the Economic and Technological Cooperation Agreement (ETCA) with Sri Lanka. Inference I is invalidated because of the specifics that it employs: Free Trade Agreement, 1998, etc. These specifics are neither stated nor implicit in the given statement, as a result of which we cannot draw inferences that assume their existence. Inference I is in fact a data inadequate type inference in relation to the statement, given that there is no basis to either affirm or reject it. But inference II sounds convincing. Since India plans to invest 2 billion dollars in Sri Lanka as part of the Economic and Technological Cooperation Agreement (ETCA) between the two countries, and since sharing of scientific expertise, technology and research is certainly part of technological cooperation, it follows that ETCA will boost cooperation between India and Sri Lanka for sharing of scientific expertise, technology and research between the two countries. Note that inference II is a probably true type inference drawn on the statement because it employs the definite ‘will boost.’ Option B is the right choice.

 Directions: The question given below consists of a statement, followed by two arguments numbered I and II. You have to decide which of the arguments is strong and which one weak.

3. 

Statement: Is the Central Board of Film Certification (CBFC) right in demanding several cuts to the motion picture Udta Punjab in the name of the sovereignty and integrity of the nation and the state of Punjab?

Argument I: Yes. The sovereignty and integrity of India and the states of India is inviolable.

Argument II: No. The job of the CBFC is issuing certificates like Adult, Universal and Adult/Universal to films, not censoring them

A)   If only argument I is strong
B)   If only argument II is strong
C)   If either I or II is strong
D)   If neither I nor II is strong and
E)   If both I and II are strong
Correct answer: B 

Solution :

It is implied in the statement that the CBFC has asked the makers of Udta Punjab to make several cuts in that film. The question is: Is the CBFC right in imposing this condition on the film? Argument I is rejected at a glance. The fact of the matter is that sovereignty rests entirely with the nation-state of India, and that even integrity is an ideal for the whole of the nation. The idea of the sovereignty and integrity of the constituent states of India is a non-starter. Argument I is weak also because the link between a film’s effect on the public and national sovereignty cannot be easily measured But argument II is strong. It correctly reminds us that the job of the CBFC is to certify a film as A, U or A/U, and not to impose censorship on it. In other words, the CBFC is inherently wrong in demanding the mentioned cuts.

 Directions: In the question below is given a statement or passage followed by two assumptions numbered I and II. An assumption is something supposed or taken for granted. You have to consider the statement and the given assumptions and decide which of the assumptions is implicit in the statement.

The Indian government recently refused to grant Google permission to cover India through Google Street View. The most widely cited reason for this is security concerns, such as panoramic images available will aid terrorist attacks, and the sensitive areas such as nuclear establishments and defense areas can be exposed. It is suggested that this rejection is temporary, and will be reconsidered once the draft Geospatial Information Regulation Bill is finalized and passed.

4. 

Assumption I: The official reason for Google Street View being denied permission to cover India is that the coverage is dangerous for the country from the security point of view.

Assumption II: The biggest threat posed to countries by technological advances like internet–based mapping services comes from terrorists

A)   if only Assumption I is implicit.
B)   if only Assumption II is implicit.
C)   if either Assumption I or Assumption II is implicit.
D)   if neither Assumption I nor Assumption II is implicit.
E)   if both Assumption I and Assumption II are implicit.
Correct answer: D 

Solution :

The passage tells us about “the most widely cited reason’ for the government denying Google Street View the permission to cover India. Since ‘the official reason’ for the same finds no mention in the passage, no valid assumption can be made about it. Refer to the Existence-Non-existence Rule relating to Assumptions elsewhere in our coverage of Bank PO Analytical Reasoning. It is evident from the passage that terrorist attacks can be aided by Google Street View. But there is no implication that the biggest threat posed to countries by technological advances and internet-based based mapping services comes from terrorists. In the light of the passage, this is likely to turn out a Probably True inference, not an implicit assumption. In other words, assumption II is invalid as well

 Directions: Given below is a pair of events A and B. You have to read both the events and decide the nature of their relationship. You have to assume that the information given in A and B is true, and you will not assume anything beyond the given information in deciding the answer.

5. 

Event A: Sugar prices in India have risen more than 15 percent in a month on concerns over lower than expected output because of drought, making exports less attractive for mills even after export incentives.

Event B: The government in India, the world's second-biggest sugar producer behind Brazil, has approved plans to pay farmers 45 rupees per tonne of cane produced, provided that mills manage to export their allotted quota of sugar.

A)   If A is the cause and B its effect
B)   If B is the cause and A its effect
C)   If A and B are effects of a common cause
D)   If A and B are both independent causes
E)   If A and B are both effects of independent causes
Correct answer: E 

Solution :

Both A and B are in the present perfect tense. This will not tell us if there is a causal relationship between And B. Looking at A separately, it tells us that sugar prices have risen 15% this month. The statement itself gives us the reason for this: there is an expectation of drought that will reduce the supply of sugar in the market and lead to a price rise. Sugar export will be less attractive in this context because the difference between export rates and domestic rates will not be big enough to make the former an attractive proposition. Event A tells us that the disincentive for exporting sugar is so big it has out-shadowed the government’s incentives aimed at promoting sugar exports. And event B tells us that the government has set a minimum sugar export quota for sugar mills, on meting which the mills will get an incentive of Rs. 45 per tonne sugarcane produced. It is obvious that the cause of B must be the government’s desire to promote sugar exports. It is evident from reading the sections underlined above that A and B are effects of independent causes

 Directions: Each question given below consists of a statement, followed by two arguments numbered I and II. You have to decide which of the arguments is strong and which one weak.

6. 

Statement: Will the implementation of GST help create an integrated and common national market in India?

Argument I: Yes. GST will be levied only at the final destination of consumption based on VAT principle, and not at various points, which will remove economic distortions.

Argument II: No. GST will help bring prices down, and this will lead to more consumption and thus more production, not necessarily market integration

A)   If only argument I is strong
B)   If only argument II is strong
C)   If either I or II is strong
D)   If neither I nor II is strong and
E)   If both I and II are strong
Correct answer: A 

Solution :

Only a glance at argument I is enough to reveal that it is strong. It is true that GST will be levied only at the final destination of consumption based on the VAT principle, and not at various points. This will inevitably create an integrated national market But argument II is weak. It is possible to argue that GST will lead to more consumption owing to lowered prices, and that this will cause increased production in response. Whether or not, or in which way, GST-led increased production will help integrate the Indian market is arguable, and this is what argument II states. But argument II does not argue convincingly why a GST-led increase in production will not cause the Indian market to integrate. It is thus an argument by insistence and therefore a weak one

 Directions: Given below is a pair of events A and B. You have to read both the events and decide the nature of their relationship. You have to assume that the information given in A and B is true, and you will not assume anything beyond the given information in deciding the answer. 

7. 

Event A: Consistent monsoon rainfall for a few days is necessary for the seeds of dominant crops in eastern, central and southern Maharashtra to grow into a good crop

Event B: Farmers in many parts of Maharashtra have been advised not to start sowing soya bean, cotton and pulse crops till the IMD officially announces the arrival of monsoon in Maharashtra

A)   If A is the effect and B is its immediate and principal cause
B)   If A is the immediate and principal cause and B is its effect
C)   If A is the effect but B is not its immediate and principal cause
D)   If B is the effect but A is not its immediate and principal cause
E)   None of these
Correct answer: D 

Solution :

Event A is a universal kind of statement; note that it is in the simple present tense. And event A is in the present perfect continuous. Thus it is clear that A could be the cause of B, but that B could not be the cause of A. The progression from A to be B could be as follows: Cause: Consistent monsoon rainfall for a few days is necessary for the seeds of dominant crops in eastern, central and southern Maharashtra to grow into a good crop Hidden assumption: Some farmers of dominant crops in some regions of Maharashtra have been sowing the seeds for these crops this time before the said few days of consistent monsoon rainfall this time around Effect:  Farmers in many parts of Maharashtra have been advised not to start sowing soya bean, cotton and pulse crops till the IMD officially announces the arrival of monsoon in Maharashtra This progression sounds convincing. The hidden assumption is justified in the light of what often happens in India. Thus it is clear that B is the effect of A. But the missing step between A and B suggests that B is the effect of A but that A is not the principal cause of B.

 Directions: In the question below is given a statement or passage followed by two assumptions numbered I and II. An assumption is something supposed or taken for granted. You have to consider the statement and the given assumptions and decide which of the assumptions is implicit in the statement.

The Republican presidential candidate nominee Donald Trump banned The Washington Post’s reporters from covering his campaign events after it reported a few comments the New York billionaire made on U.S. President Barack Obama and the mass shooting in Orlando city in Florida. His decision comes after the newspaper published an article about his comments criticising Mr Obama’s responses on Orlando massacre that left 50 people killed and 53 others injured at a gay nightclub frequented by the LGBT community. The article titled “Donald Trump suggests President Obama was involved with Orlando shooting” was shown on their website throughout the day. “We’re led by a man that either is not tough, not smart, or he’s got something else in mind,” Mr Trump told Fox News on Monday, which was reported by The Washington Post.

8. 

Which of the following is not implicit in what Donald Trump told Fox News?

I: President Obama’s reaction to the Orlando massacre shows that he is neither tough nor smart

II. President Obama had something to do with the Orlando shootings

A)   if only Assumption I is implicit.
B)   if only Assumption II is implicit.
C)   if only Assumption II is implicit.
D)   if neither Assumption I nor Assumption II is implicit.
E)   if both Assumption I and Assumption II are implicit.
Correct answer: B 

Solution :

Trump says that Obama is neither tough nor smart. And then he implies that he must have something else on his mind. What Trump means when he says that Obama could have something else on his mind is absolutely not clear. The newspaper Washington Post comments that the comment suggests Trump thinks Obama is himself with the terrorists. Thus I is implicit but there is no certainty about II. II tells us what the Washington Post thinks Trump thinks about Obama. There is no certainty that Trump thinks similarly. B is the right choice

 Directions: Each question below is in the form of a statement followed by two courses of action numbered I and II. A course of action is a step or an administrative decision to be taken for improvement, follow-up, or further action in regard to the problem, policy etc., on the basis of the information given in the statement. You have to assume everything in the statement to be true and then decide which of the two suggested courses of action logically follows for pursuing. 

9. Statement: In coastal southwest Karnataka, local schools in both the Mangalore and Udipi areas today allow Tulu as an optional third-language.

Course of action I: The government should commission the publication of an authentic Tulu grammar text.

Course of action II: FM radio stations and AIR should feature news and other programs in Tulu on a regular basis.

A)   if only I follows
B)   if only II follows
C)   if either I or II follows
D)   if neither I nor II follows, and 
E)   if both I and II follow
Correct answer: E 

Solution :

The statement tells us that schools in coastal southwest Karnataka allow students to opt for Tulu as their optional third language. Tulu is an ancient Dravidian language that is today spoken by just a few million people of the region. Course of action I is valid because Tulu must now be taught and learned in these schools formally. And the foremost requirement for the formal teaching and learning of a language in schools is the existence of its authentic grammar. And course of action II is valid for the same reason. That Tulu has formal recognition as a language to be learned and taught at schools automatically suggests that it should be given currency in all possible ways. Radio broadcasts for the concerned region in Tulu would be one of the foremost ways in which this small but ancient language can be popularized.

 Direction: In the question below is given a statement or passage followed by two assumptions numbered I and II. An assumption is something supposed or taken for granted. You have to consider the statement and the given assumptions and decide which of the assumptions is implicit in the statement.

10. Statement: Seeking larger participation of corporates in the rail sector, the Indian Railways have decided to set up a separate corporate social responsibility (CSR) cell to rope in more private players.

Assumption I: All services provided by the Indian Railways will be privatized very soon.

Assumption II: There are areas like cleanliness at stations, conservation of water bodies and solar energy where CSR fund can be utilised.

A)   if only Assumption I is implicit
B)   if only Assumption II is implicit
C)   if either Assumption I or Assumption II is implicit
D)   if neither Assumption I nor Assumption II is implicit
E)   if both Assumption I and Assumption II are implicit
Correct answer: B 

Solution :

The statement tells us that the Indian Railways, which is seeking larger participation of corporates in the rail sector, has set up a separate corporate social responsibility (CSR) cell to rope in more private players. Assumption I is invalid because it talks of all services provided by the Indian Railways, which is neither stated nor implied in the statement. We will thus apply the Existence-Non-existence Rule for assumptions to rule out assumption I. But assumption II is valid. The statement certainly does not mention cleanliness at stations, conservation of water bodies and solar energy, but we can safely assume that the Railways would have an idea of how the CSR fund would be utilized. As the name CSR fund suggests, projects in corporate social responsibility would be the prime investment areas, and it is certainly believed widely today that addressing concerns like cleanliness at stations, conservation of water bodies and solar energy are fit for corporate attention by way of fulfilment of their social responsibility.

 Direction: In the question below is given a statement followed by two conclusions numbered I and II. You have to assume everything in the statement to be true, then consider the two conclusions and decide which of them logically follow/s beyond a reasonable doubt from the information given in the statement.

11. Statement: The Indian mission is gearing up to celebrate India's 70th Independence Day at the UN with a cultural extravaganza featuring A.R. Rahman, who will become only the second Indian musician after M.S. Subbulakshmi to perform at the UN. Subbulakshmi was invited to the UN for a performance fifty (50) years ago.

Conclusion I: A. R. Rahman will perform at the UN on India's 70th Independence Day in homage to M S Subbulakshmi.

Conclusion II: Subbulakshmi was invited to perform at the UN by the then UN Secretary General U Thant.

A)   If only conclusion I follows
B)   If only conclusion II follows
C)   If either I or II follows
D)   If neither I nor II follows; and
E)   If both I and II follow.
Correct answer: D 

Solution :

The statement tells us that A.R. Rahman will feature in the cultural extravaganza that India plans to stage at the UN on its 70th Independence Day. The statement also tells us that Rahman will be the second Indian musician after M.S. Subbulakshmi to perform at the UN, and that the latter did so fifty years ago. There is nothing in the statement to suggest that Rahman would be performing at the Indian cultural show at the UN to pay homage to Subbulakshmi, which means that conclusion I is rejected at a glance. And conclusion II is equally easy to reject. Conclusion II is in fact a data inadequate type of inference drawn on the statement, for which reason it cannot qualify as a valid conclusion.

 Directions: Read the statement given below and answer the question that follows it.

12. 

Statement:  The Indian Army has successfully conducted surgical strikes on terror launch pads along the Line of Control (LOC) in Pakistan-Occupied Kashmir (PoK), India’s de facto border with Pakistan.

Which of the following is/are assumptions implicit in the statement given above?

                 I.     The operation was aimed specifically at destroying terror launch pads without causing civilian casualties.

                II.     Terror attacks can be launched against India from across its international borders

A)   Only I
B)   Only II
C)   Either I or II
D)   Neither I nor II
E)   Both I and II
Correct answer: E 

Solution :

The statement is that the Indian Army has successfully conducted surgical strikes on terror launch pads along the Line of Control (LOC) in Pakistan-Occupied Kashmir (PoK), India’s de facto border with Pakistan. Assumption I is valid because it is accepted worldwide that surgical attacks are attacks directed specifically at enemy targets in such a manner that collateral damage is prevented. Note that collateral damage means unintended civilian deaths caused by military attacks. And assumption II is also implicit on the basis of the axiomatic truth that something that is actually happening is capable of happening. Thus if terror attacks are being launched on India from across its international border with Pakistan, it would be correct to assume that terror attacks can be launched against India from across its international borders. The right choice is option E.

 Directions: Read the statement given below and answer the question that follows it.

13. Statement:  The government of India has announced that it will ratify the Paris Agreement (on climate change) on October 2, 2016.

Which of the following can be inferred from the above statement?

        I.     India accepts the significance of the Paris Agreement and is willing to act to make it a success.

       II.    India is sincere about its decision to ratify the Paris Agreement.

A)   Only I
B)   Only II
C)   Either I or II
D)   Neither I nor II
E)   Both I and II
Correct answer: E 

Solution :

India’s decision to ratify the Paris Agreement implies that it is willing to do so, and in this willingness it is implicit that the country believes the treaty is significant, implying in turn that it is willing to do what it would take to make it a success. And the fact that the ratification will come about on October 2, the birth anniversary of the father of the nation, implies that India’s decision to ratify the treaty is a sincere one. The assumption is that the government of India would do something on Gandhi’s birth anniversary only if it was absolutely sincere about doing that thing. Thus the right choice is option E.

 Direction: Read the following statement and answer the question that follows it.

14. 

Statement: A few days after the semester results of a private commerce college were declared, the professors of the college went on a strike.

Which of the following may be a reason behind the professors going on a strike?

A)   A few new professors appointed last year were found to be not as qualified as others.
B)   None of the striking professors had been allowed to be external examiners at other colleges last year.
C)   For the third time in a row, the professors were blamed for poor student performance in spite of their consistent efforts to improve it.
D)   Salary paid to professors has not been raised for the last eight years.
E)   Results for the semester were declared a week after the scheduled date.
Correct answer: C 

Solution :

The statement tells us that professors of a certain private commerce college resigned some days after the declaration of semester results. It can be safely assumed here that they must have done so because of some or the other cause for dissatisfaction. Option A is ruled out because there is no logical reason to resign in protest against appointment of undeserving professors last year after the mentioned semester results this year. Nor can the failure of the professors to land external examiner assignments have anything obvious to do with the timing of their resignation after declaration of semester results. But option C is convincing. It is implicit here that the third semester student results were below expectations, given that the professors had worked hard for better results. Thus if the professors got blamed for the poor results on the basis of the claim that the they had not done their best, they would obviously have felt unhappy and resigned from their posts in protest. Option D is ruled out because there is no reason that a protest about salaries remaining the same for the last eight years should occur when results for a particular semester get declared. And E is ruled out because the professors could not have resigned because of late declaration of results; after all, timely declaration of results is not their responsibility, and thus they could not have been blamed for the same. Option C is indeed the right choice.

 Directions: Read the statement given below and answer the question that follows it.

15. Statement: India has improved its ranking to 39 among 138 countries in the Global Competitiveness Index (GCI) for 2016-17. The index was released as part of the World Economic Forum’s (WEF) Global Competitiveness Report for 2016-17.

Which of the inferences can be drawn on the statement given above?

 I.  In the 2015-16 edition of GCI, India was ranked below 39.

II.  India wants to be a more competitive player in the global market.

A)   Only I
B)   Only II
C)   Either I or II
D)   Neither I nor II
E)   Both I and II
Correct answer: E 

Solution :

The statement tells us that India has improved its ranking to 39 among 138 countries in the Global Competitiveness Index (GCI) for 2016-17. The obvious inference would be that India’s rank in the list for the last year was below 39. Thus inference I is correct. And inference II is correct as well. Note that the GCI list pertains to global competitiveness, and level of competitiveness is an economic indicator. Since India’s rank in this list has increased, it can be safely assumed that India is desirous of being globally more competitive. Option E is the right choice.

You can found  more and  more  Reasoning question for bank exam  at   Oureducity

Source  www.oureducity.com